A callus (or callosity) is a toughened area of skin which has become relatively thick and hard in response to repeated friction, pressure, or other irritation. Rubbing that is too frequent or forceful will cause blisters rather than allow calluses to form. Since repeated contact is required, calluses are most often found on feet because of frequent walking. Calluses are generally not harmful, but may sometimes lead to other problems, such as skin ulceration or infection.
We researched this topic for you and found the following best online resources. They are categorized into basic, advanced, and research level based on the extent of information you need. You will be taken to the respective websites by pressing on the links below.
Basic information:
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/corns-and-calluses/basics/definition/con-20014462 corns and calluses
http://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/understanding-corns-calluses-basics understanding corns and calluses -- the basics
http://www.foot.com/site/foot-conditions/calluses foot.com calluses
https://www.drscholls.com/footconditions/callus/ dr.scholls calluses
http://www.footvitals.com/skin/calluses-on-feet.html foot vitals calluses
http://www.apma.org/learn/foothealth.cfm?itemnumber=1346 american podiatric medical association corns and calluses
http://www.healthline.com/symptom/corns health line what causes corns?
http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/symptoms/foot-pain/corns-and-calluses.html newyork times corns and calluses
http://www.podantics.com.au/calluses.html podantics calluses
http://m.kidshealth.org/en/kids/blisters.html kids health.org blisters, corns and calluses
http://www.aofas.org/footcaremd/conditions/ailments-of-the-big-toe/pages/corns-and-calluses.aspx american orthopedic foot and ankle society corns and calluses
http://www.ipfh.org/foot-conditions/foot-conditions-a-z/calluses-and-corns institute for preventive foot health corns and calluses
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/calluses calluses
http://www.podiatrynetwork.com/r_corns_and_calluses.cfm podiatry network.com corns and calluses
http://www.cyh.com/healthtopics/healthtopicdetailskids.aspx?p=335&np=285&id=2894 child and youth health corns and calluses
https://www.podiatry.org.nz/c/corns-and-calluses podiatry.org corns and calluses
http://www.patienteducationcenter.org/articles/corns-and-calluses/ patient education center corns and calluses
http://www.epodiatry.com/corns-callus.htm epodiatry.com corns and calluses
http://www.mydr.com.au/skin-hair/corns-and-calluses my dr.com corns and calluses
http://www.mountsinai.org/patient-care/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/calluses-and-corns mount sinai hospitals corns and calluses
http://www.healthlinkbc.ca/healthtopics/content.asp?hwid=ug2399 health link bc calluses
https://myhealth.alberta.ca/health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ad1372 my health alberta.ca corns and calluses
http://www.news-medical.net/health/blisters-corns-and-calluses.aspx news medical.net blisters, corns and calluses
http://ourhealthnetwork.com/conditions/calluses/ our health network calluses
http://chealth.canoe.com/channel/healthy-skin/the-path-to-healthy-skin/corns-and-calluses---cause-for-concern canoe corns and calluses - cause for concern?
http://www.podiatrycare.com.au/conditions-we-treat/corns-and-calluses/ podiatry care corns and calluses
http://www.everydayhealth.com/foot-health/care-for-corns-and-calluses.aspx everyday health dealing with corns and calluses by diana rodriguez | medically reviewed by niya jones, md, mph
http://www.footmaxx.com/pathologies-sp-484/foot-pathologies/calluses foot maxx.com calluses
http://www.footcentersofnc.com/common-foot-problems/corns-calluses.html foot centers of nc corns and calluses
https://www.verywell.com/corns-and-calluses-1337759 very well.com corns and calluses
https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=85&contentid=p00271 university of rochester medical center calluses
Advanced information:
http://www.medicinenet.com/corns/article.htm medicine net.com corns and calluses facts
http://www.emedicinehealth.com/corns_and_calluses/article_em.htm emedicine health.com corns and calluses
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/cornsandcalluses/pages/treatment.aspx nhs.uk corns and calluses - treatment
http://patient.info/health/corns-and-calluses patient corns and calluses
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/cornsandcalluses.html medline plus corns and calluses
http://www.dermnetnz.org/scaly/corns.html dermnet nz corns and calluses
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/172459.php medical news today corns and calluses
http://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/cornification-disorders/calluses-and-corns msd manuals corns and calluses
http://www.hartfordmedicalgroup.com/ed_podiatry_corns.php hartford healthcare medical group corns and calluses
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/430630_4 medscape self-treatment of minor foot problems
http://study.com/academy/lesson/callus-definition-formation-treatment.html study.com callus: definition, formation & treatment
http://www.foot-pain-explored.com/foot-corns.html foot pain explored foot corns & calluses
https://www.kaahe.org/en/arabicsamplemodules/modules/podiatry/po1101a1/po110101/po110101.pdf xplain patient education corns and calluses
Research:
http://www.aafp.org/afp/2002/0601/p2277.html corns and calluses resulting from mechanical hyperkeratosis by denise b. Freeman, d.p.m., college of podiatric medicine and surgery, des moines university–osteopathic medical center, des moines, iowa am fam physician. 2002 jun 1;65(11):2277-2280.
http://vri.cz/docs/vetmed/55-11-547.pdf a histological evaluation of bone calluses in the treatment of tibia fractures in sheep with the use of a semicircular fixator by z. Adamiak, t. Rotkiewicz faculty of veterinary medicine, university of warmia and mazury, olsztyn, poland veterinarni medicina, 55, 2010 (11): 547–550
Other articles:
https://theblissfuldog.com/pages/dog-elbow-callus-info the blissful dog dog elbow callus info
http://www.canidae.com/blog/2011/07/dog-health-preventing-and-treating-calluses/ canidae dog health: preventing and treating calluses
http://www.dogchannel.com/dog-grooming/grooming/article_2182.aspx dog channel.com give your dog's calluses soft treatment
Related topics:
http://www.rd.com/health/conditions/home-remedies-for-corns-calluses/ readers digest 8 reliable home remedies for corns and calluses
http://www.besthealthmag.ca/best-you/home-remedies/natural-home-remedies-calluses-and-corns/ best health natural home remedies: calluses and corns
http://www.howhunter.com/health/get-rid-of-calluses-on-feet-fast/ how hunter 6 ways to get rid of calluses on feet fast
http://www.thefitindian.com/home-remedies-for-foot-corn-and-calluses/ the fit indian home remedies for foot corn and calluses
http://beauty.onehowto.com/article/how-to-remove-calluses-and-corns-from-feet-using-homemade-remedies-176.html one how to how to remove calluses and corns from feet using homemade remediescontinue reading: http://beauty.onehowto.com/article/how-to-remove-calluses-and-corns-from-feet-using-homemade-remedies-176.html#ixzz49kxahedb
http://vkool.com/home-remedies-for-calluses/ vkool 10 home remedies for calluses on feet and on hands
http://www.innerhealth.us/disease-remedies/corns-calluses-homeopathy-skin-conditions-symptoms-treatment-doctor-alternative-medicine-answers.html inner health corns & calluses - symptoms, treatment, homeopathic remedies
http://www.thriftyfun.com/tf337974.tip.html thrifty fun home remedies for foot calluses
Related videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pn0lcrc69lg callus removal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xs76d21byxk calluses and bodybuilding
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5dfho1v8cyw calluses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=brpkyqiy7zq how to get rid of calluses
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ihpyjoqu8lm how to treat heel calluses medical course
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbws-fj288y how to remove a callus from your hand
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ya6my4qkhrs remedy for callus, bunion, or corn | nicole heart
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_ukgxbuqins callus removal
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xrawrr6wpga the best method to remove calluses and soften your feet
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f3oa_-acjae what is the difference between a corn and a callus on the foot
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tgisebethes complete removal of callus in foot - ideal treatment, surgery. Watch out how to remove-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m3xopp-0teq corn and callus removal by the foot doctor at irymple foot clinic